What is .Net Platform?

Microsoft .NET is a software development platform based on virtual machine architecture. Dot Net Platform is:

• Language Independent – dot net application can be developed different languages (such as C#, VB, C++, etc.)
• Platform Independent – dot net application can be run on any operating system which has .net framework installed.
• Hardware Independent – dot net application can run on any hardware configuration
  It allows us to build windows based application, web based application, web service, mobile application, etc.

What is .Net Framework?

.Net Framework provides a foundation upon which .net application and xml webservices are built and executed.

.Net Framework Diagram

.Net Compliant Languages (VB, C#, C++, J#, Cobol, Perl, etc)	.Net Application (Windows-based, Web-Based Application, Web Service, Mobile Application, etc)
.Net Framework Class Library
Common Language Specification (CLS)	Common Type System (CTS)
Common Language Runtime (CLR)

Two main Components of .Net Framework

1. Common Language Runtime
2. Base Class Library.

Name .Net Compliant Languages

Language which supports .Net Programming. Eg: VB, C#, C++, J#, etc.

What do you mean by .Net Application

Application which is developed using .Net Framework.

Describe .Net Framework Class Library

It consist of thousands of Pre-developed classes that can be used to build application.

What is CLS : Common Language Specification (CLS)

It defines features that all .net compatible language should support.

What is CTS : Common Type System (CTS)

All .net supported languages will produce code that is ultimately based on these type.

What is CLR : Common Language Runtime (CLR)

It provides an “managed” environment in which .net application can execute.
It provides following services :
1. Language Integration
2. Memory Management (Memory Allocation and Garbage Collection)
3. Memory Type Safety (Memory Leaks)
4. Security

What is MSIL : Microsoft Intermediate Language (MSIL)

An intermediate language generated by compiler is called MSIL. All .Net assemblies are represented in MSIL. The main Advantage of using MSIL is it provides equal performance for multiple language programming, as code is compiled to native code.

Example: Performance of application developed in C# is similar to VB.net or any other .Net compliant language that is because of MSIL.

Managed Environment : Managed Code in .net

Code that operates within the CLR is called managed code. Managed code benefits from the services that the CLR offers, including garbage collection, memory management, security, etc.

Unmanaged Environment : Unmanaged Code in .net

Code that does not operate within the CLR is called unmanaged code. Unmanaged code does not get benefits offered by CLR including garbage collection, memory management, security, etc.

Example: COM components are unmanaged code.

Advantage provided by Dot Net Framework

Language Independent, that is programmer can concentrate more on problem than to learn new language.

.Net Application Compilation and Execution Diagram

How many types of JIT

Three types.

• Pre-JIT (Compiles entire code into native code at one stretch)
• Ecno-JIT (Compiles code part by part freeing when required)
• Normal JIT (Compiles only that part of code when called and places in cache)

How many classes can a single .NET DLL contain?

UnLimited.